
Brookeld Engineering Labs., Inc. Page 66 Manual No. M13-167-B0614
Appendix C - Variables in Viscosity Measurements
As with any instrument measurement, there are variables that can affect a Viscometer
measurement.Thesevariablesmayberelatedtotheinstrument(Viscometer),orthetest
uid.Variablesrelatedtothetestuiddealwiththerheologicalpropertiesoftheuid,while
instrumentvariableswouldincludetheViscometerdesignandthespindlegeometrysystem
utilized.
Rheological Properties
Fluids have different rheological characteristics that can be described by Viscometer
measurements.Wecanthenworkwiththeseuidstosuitourlaborprocessconditions.
Therearetwocategoriesofuids:
Newtonian - TheseuidshavethesameviscosityatdifferentShearRates(different
RPMs)andarecalledNewtonianovertheShearRaterangethey
are measured.
Non-Newtonian - Theseuidshavedifferentviscositiesatdifferentshearrates(different
RPMs).Theyfallintotwogroups:
1) TimeIndependentnon-Newtonian
2) TimeDependentnon-Newtonian
Time Independent
Pseudoplastic -A pseudoplastic material displays a decrease in viscosity with an
increaseinshearrate,andisalsoknownas“shearthinning”.Ifyou
takeViscometerreadingsfromalowtoahighRPMandthenback
tothelowRPM,andthereadingsfalluponthemselves,thematerial
istimeindependentpseudoplastic(shearthinning).
Time Dependent
Thixotropic -Athixotropicmaterialhasdecreasingviscosityunderconstantshear
rate.IfyousetaViscometerataconstantspeedrecordingcPvalues
overtimeandndthatthecPvaluesdecreasewithtime,thematerial
isthixotropic.
-If you take viscometer readings from a low RPM to a high RPM
andthenbacktothelowRPM,andthereadingsarelowerforthe
descendingstep,thematerialistimedependant,thixotropic.
Brookeld publication, “More Solutions to Sticky Problems”, includes a more detailed
discussionofrheologicalpropertiesandnon-Newtonianbehavior.
It's good information